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Any interior building element designed to protect and evacuate the building population in emergencies, including fires and earthquakes, and less critical events, such as power failures. Fire-detection systems include electronic smoke detectors and heat sensors that can activate audible alarms and automatically notify local fire departments, automatic shutdown of ventilating systems and elevators and the division of the building into smoke-proof compartments. Occupants evacuate through protected exits, which include exit corridors and stairways in smoke-proof enclosures in multistory buildings leading to the exterior.

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